Friday 13 November 2015

FLIGHT DECK SYSTEM:

FLIGHT DECK SYSTEM



FLIGHT DECK SYSTEM:



The Flight Decks and Avionics, or Glass Cockpit are products target for both Commercial Aviation and General Aviation. However, the Commercial Aviation applications are usually OEM products integrated in aircraft's avionics.
In General Aviation aircraft the Flight Decks and Avionics are also available from factory installation in many aircraft. Although, these applications can be customized and replaced by other Glass Cockpit products.
These products are commonly equipped with GNSS receivers providing significant enhancements in awareness information to the flight crews.
In Commercial Aviation the glass cockpit systems replaced efficiently the flight engineer, due to the situational awareness capabilities provided by the displays.

CAPABILITIES: 

  • Instrument control and panels and modules
  • Master dim and test
  • Radio tuning
  • Audio control and management
  • Caution and warning systems
  • Head-up displays
  • Low-cost production through our global manufacturing network

DETECTION AND ALERTING SYSTEMS:


  • Proximity sensing
  • Smoke/fire detection and alerting
  • Electronic warning management
  • Stall warning
  • Overspeed warning
  • Pilot alerting
  • Ice detection
CONTROL AND MONITORING SYSTEMS:


  • Fuel systems and fuel jettison
  • Hydraulic quality and pressure monitor
  • Electronic cargo handling and controllers
  • Airborne power management
  • Emergency door power assist system
  • Over-speed warning
  • Pilot alerting
  • Ice detection

SUPPORTED AIRCRAFT:


  • Boeing 737, 747, 757, 767, 777
SYSTEMS:

These flight deck systems audio include: 
  • Passenger address system
  • Service inter-phone system
  • Cabin inter-phone system
  • Ground crew call system
  • Flight inter-phone system



PASSENGER ADDRESS SYSTEM:




 The passenger address system provides the flight crew and cabin crew with a means of making announcements and distributing music to passengers through cabin speakers.

The above mentioned picture is Passenger Address panel, which defines:






1. PA. Passenger address announcement button. Blue light when depressed.
Passenger Address (PA) system, is used to make announcements to he passengers via the cabin loudspeakers. The PA system uses the handset placed at the aft part of the center pedestal (between the X-FEED levers). Annunciations are also possible through the oxygen mask or the boom-set on LH side. In such cases the PA system is keyed through the use of a springloaded PA-OXY MASK MIKE switch located on LH side forward of steering wheel.
2. ATTENDANT CALL button
Depressing this button causes a high-low (bing-bong) chime to sound and the pink light on both attendant call panels to illuminate.
3. ATTEND CALLING switch/light.
Illuminates to indicate an attendant to flight deck call. A chime on the flight deck is simultaneously activated
4. ANTI-SKID switch.
- OFF. The anti-skid system is inoperative.
- ARM. Anti-skid system will meter the brake pedal hydraulic pressure. Permits maximum braking without skidding down to approximately 15 knots.
5. TEST CKT. Test circuit switch
When held in position A or B, which is the same test circuit, all anti- skid lights should come on provided gear handle is in DOWN detent.
6. STALL TEST.
Selecting system 1 or 2 will activate both stick shakers, both stall lights and both stall horns at cycles of approx. 5s (2.5s on/ 2.5s off etc). The stall lights will be dimmed.
7. YAW DAMPER.
8. MAX SPD WARN TEST.
When depressed the max speed clacker will sound.
9. MACH TRIM COMP. Mach trim compensator switch
- TEST. Provides a functional check of the system by extending the actuator (on right pilot control column).
10. LOGO LIGHT switch.


SERVICE INTER-PHONE SYSTEM
The service inter-phone system provides the crew and ground staff with interior and exterior communication capability. circuits in the system connect service inter-phone jacks to the flight compartment.

CABIN INTER-PHONE SYSTEM



The cabin inter-phone system provides facilities for communications among cabin attendants and between the flight compartment, crew members and other attendants. The system can be switched to the input of the passengers address system for PA announcements.

GROUND CREW CALL SYSTEM


The ground crew call system provides a signaling capability between the flight compartment and nose landing gear area.

FLIGHT INTER-PHONE SYSTEM

The flight inter-phone system provides communications on the flight deck and between the flight deck and the ground crew through the flight inter-phone jack on the APU ground control fire protection panel in the nose landing gear wheel well.
The system is used by selecting the INT (inter-phone) position of a control wheel or audio control panel mic/inter-phone switch. The inter-phone can also be used by selecting the FLT transmitter selector on an audio control panel and then selecting one of the following microphone switches:

  • MIC position of a control wheel switch
  • MIC position of an audio control panel mic/inter-phone switch
  • A hand microphone push-to-talk switch
  • A glareshield MIC switch
the flight inter-phone system includes following components:
  • Audio Selector Panel
  • Headset, headphones and hand microphones jack connectors
  • Audio selector panel and control wheel press-to-talk (PTT) switches
  • Cockpit receivers

AUDIO SELECTOR PANEL:




Audio selector panel (ASP) are located in the flight compartment within easy of reach of the crew members.
This type of ACP has cylindrical button volume controls, others have sliders.
Radio/Int works in the same way as the rocker switch on the control column. ie in the INT position bypasses the mic selector to transmit on the flt inter-phone.
The filter switch, Voice-Both-Range, allows better reception of either voice or morse identifiers on NAV & ADF radios. Check that this switch has not been left in the V position if you can't get an ident.
Mask/Boom simply selects either mask or boom mic. Check this if nobody can hear you transmit - especially after your oxy mask mic check!
Alt/Norm in the ALT position puts the ACP into degraded mode. If the Capts ACP is in degraded mode, he can only transmit on VHF1 through mask or boom and can only receive VHF1 at a preset level. The F/O's ACP in degraded mode is the same but uses VHF2. Note aural warnings will still be heard over the speaker. Volume control is also provided by switches on each audio selector panel. The speakers are muted whenever a PTT switch is pushed at the captain's first or second officer's station. 




COCKPIT VOICE RECORDER:


The CVR records the headset and microphone of all 3 ASP's and the ambient cockpit sounds all on separate channels. The recordings start with the first rise in engine oil pressure and go onto a 120 or 30min (as fitted) continuous loop tape until 5mins after last engine shutdown. In the event of an incident crews are advised to pull the CVR c/b after final stop to avoid automatic erasure. It is illegal to stop the CVR in flight. The CVR is located in the aft cargo hold.

EASy FLIGHT DECK SYSTEM: 


Enhanced Avionics System (or EASy) is an Integrated Modular Avionics suite and Cockpit display system used on Dassault Falcon business jets since Falcon 900EX, and later used in other newer Falcon aircraft such as Falcon 2000EX and Falcon 7X.
EASy has been jointly developed by Dassault and Honeywell, and is based on Honeywell Primus Epic.
 http://www.dassaultfalcon.com/en/technology/pilotbenefit/pages/flight-deck.aspx


The EASy cockpit is a smart, integrated, feature-packed avionic system. Yet the hardware is not as important as what our technicians have achieved with it. EASy represents fundamental progress towards the virtually paperless cockpit as it was intelligently designed to enable both pilots to work better together as a team.
EASy is Dassault’s philosophy implemented on the hardware platform of Honeywell's Primus Epic system. Dassault and Honeywell worked closely together on the project. As the primary system architect, we concentrated on achieving a new type of man-machine interface, one that is both highly intuitive and interactive. This is a vital key to improving situational awareness.​As for Honeywell's side, the Primus Epic system brought tremendous advantages in reliability, spares availability, and display quality. Honeywell adapted this basic hardware system to meet our uniquely demanding objectives. ​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​

EASY ARCHITECTURE AND FUNCTIONS:



Stepping into an EASy cockpit, the first thing one sees is the four 14.1” screens. These screens can clearly display all information from aircraft sensors affecting systems, communications, navigation and flight management. 
Moreover, they are the key to the pilots' control over all those functions. And it is in this respect that EASy sets itself apart from other avionics systems using the same Primus Epic platform.
Dassault’s Cursor Control Device (CCD) is the pilots’ primary means of controlling the EASy flight deck. Everything can be done with Windows-like pull-down and pop-up menus using the trackball controller. Each pilot has their own CCD located  on the pedestal where one's inside hand naturally falls in its relaxed position. The CCD is as easy to use as the mouse on a PC. In addition to the trackball, it includes fingertip controls for display switching and menu selection, plus a multifunction knob and push-to-talk.

Using the CCD is fast and intuitive. Unlike a keyboard, the CCD is hardly affected by changing environmental conditions, such as darkness or turbulence. With the CCD, pilots control every function faster, more accurately and without diverting eyes from the panel (as would be necessary with keyboards mounted on the pedestal). The result is more head-up time and therefore a safer flight.


By making the system more intuitive, more interactive and more adaptable to pilots' needs, Dassault has brought a higher level of situational awareness to the cockpit of the business jet.
AUTOMATIC CHECKLISTS:

One of the best demonstrations of EASy's interactive qualities are the automatic checklists. As soon as a required action has been performed (such as setting flaps for takeoff), EASy's autosensing feature checks that item off, changes its color from blue to green and opens the next item on that particular checklist. It also provides secure options to override or defer any item. EASy checklists are linked to synoptic system displays. For example, when the pilot reaches a fuel-related item on the checklist, a fuel-system diagram pops up adjacent to the checklist window. This shows the real-time position and operation of pumps and transfer valves along with a graphic depiction of fuel quantities in each tank.

GRAPHICAL FLIGHT PLANNING:



EASy makes flight planning intuitive because it is graphically based. Either pilot simply clicks on an icon depicting the phase of flight (initialization, climb, cruise, descent), which brings up the associated menus. Compared to previous systems, EASy requires very little data entry as most of the information is already stored in its databases. For example, a complete worldwide database has all the data for airports, airways, navaids, radio frequencies, etc. The complete aircraft performance database is also stored in the system. So EASy can automatically calculate everything from takeoff performance (runway length and V-speeds) to climb schedules, fuel reserves and landing distance.

As the flight progresses into each new phase, EASy displays whatever new information is required, appropriate or desired (pilot options are always available). For example, upon descent the system's look-ahead display can show the approach transition, STAR, runway data and so on. If ATC changes the arrival, either pilot can update the flight plan in a matter of seconds just by clicking on that window's ‘Current Settings’ and making the appropriate menu selections. Other windows can simultaneously display the digital ATIS information as well as key performance information such as landing weight, required vs. usable runway length and approach speed.

NAVIGATING THE EASY WAY:




With the EASy system, the upper MDU is usually assigned to navigational functions. A large variety of data can be selected (or hidden) on the map display, ranging from airports to radar. In mountainous areas, terrain information is usually displayed for departures and arrivals. Pilots can range in or out as required, and select map rotation (either ‘north up' or ‘heading up’).

By simply clicking on any facility or way point, pilots call up a pop-up menu giving access to any required information or function.



COCKPIT OF THE FUTURE:



Our aim with the EASy cockpit was to create an environment which promotes intuitive flying and increases the pilot’s situational awareness. Thanks to the track ball and easy-to-read screens, a pilot can easily maintain a heads-up attitude, increasing perspective and situational awareness.

A pilot’s sense of surroundings, inside and outside of the plane, is essential to safe and comfortable flying. This is why we are dedicated to developing advanced technologies designed to maximize a pilot’s capabilities and performance.
The latest generation of our award-winning EASy avionics suite represents a major upgrade. Based on improvements in technologies, as well as feedback from operators, it now includes new features and options to further enhance situational awareness, safety and efficiency.​​
REFERENCE:

  • http://www.navipedia.net/index.php/Flight_Decks_and_Avionics
  • http://www.baesystems-ps.com/flight-deck.php
  • http://www.dassaultfalcon.com/en/technology/pilotbenefit/pages/flight-deck.aspx

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